Despite its ubiquity in nature, water is one of most complicated condensed matters. The understanding of water structure and phase transition is far from satisfactory, and many unusual properties of water remain as puzzles. The main reason arises from the many-body hydrogen (H)-bonding interaction between the water molecules. Moreover, the light H nuclei can exhibit prominent quantum effects, in terms of tunneling and zero-point motion. The so-called nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) add additional complexity to water and ice. In the past decade, we have steadily continued to improve accuracies of imaging and spectroscopic methods based on scanning probe microscopy (SPM), which acquire unprecedentedly high sensitivity to the H of single water molecule in a nearly non-invasive manner. In this talk, I will showcase the application of those techniques to probe water clusters, ion hydrates, two-dimensional ices and bulk ices, with increasing complexity. The obtained results provide molecular insights into various water/ice anomaly, including quantum nature of H bond [1-3], ultrafast water and ion transport under confinement [4-7], premelting and phase transition [8], etc.
References: [1] Meng et al., Nature Physics 11, 235 (2015), [2] Guo et al., Science 352, 321 (2016), [3] Tian et al., Science 377, 315 (2022), [4] Peng et al., Nature 557, 701 (2018), [5] Ma et al., Nature 577, 60 (2020), [6] Tian et al., Nature Nanotechnology 19, 479 (2024), [7] Wu et al., Science 384, 1254 (2024), [8] Hong et al., Nature 630, 375 (2024)
【講師紹介】
Ying Jiang氏は2008年に中国科学院物理研究所で学位を取得後、ユーリッヒ研究所やカリフォルニア大学アーバイン校を経て、2010年に北京大学に着任され、走査プローブ顕微鏡を用いた様々な研究に取り組まれました。特に、水分子の膜生成、配向、量子現象の分子レベルでの実空間観察による研究は高く評価されており、2019年にアメリカ物理学会フェロー、2020年仁科アジア賞、同年Sir Martin Wood China賞等を受賞されています。最近では、パルスレーザーと組み合わせた時間分解計測、ダイヤモンドNVセンターによる量子計測でも顕著な成果を挙げており、今、最も注目される若手研究者です。

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