Introduction

Brief History

       Neutron scattering experiments in Japan started in the early 1960's when Japan
Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) built reseach reactors, JRR-2 and JRR-3(both
10MW), in the campus of its Tokai Research Establishment (Tokai-mura,Ibaraki).  Tokyo
University and  Tohoku University belonging to  the Ministry of Education,Science and
Culture(MONBUSHO)as well as JAERI belonging to the Science and Technology Agency(STA)
installed several neutron spectrometers attached to these reactors.   The university-
owned spectrometers were available for general users all over Japan  through the User
Program conducted by Tokyo University.Since then Japanese neutron scattering research
became active both experimentally and theoretically.   As time passed, however,user's
requirement for a higher flux reactor became larger and larger. In 1985 JAERI started
a project to modify the JRR-3 to satisfy these demands by doubling its power,install-
ing all tangential beam tubes and a cold source to extract cold neutrons into a newly
-build guide hall. In accordance with this project,both the Institute for solid state
Physics, Tokyo University (ISSP) and Tohoku University also started construction of a
large number of new spectrometers  optimized for  an improved source  both in reactor
hall  and in guide hall.  In November of 1990  when the modified JRR-3(called JRR-3M)
started  its full power operation (20MW., 2x1014n/cm2/s), we entered into a new era of
neutron scattering research in Japan.Last year the Research Reactor Institute of Kyoto
University (KUR) installed a new spectrometer playing both roles of interfermeter and
refractometer. Currently the following number of spectrometers are in optional:

..ISSPTOHOKUKURJAERI
JRR-3Mreactor hall21 -4
guide hall7214
JRR-211--
Detailed specifications of major spectrometers are introduced in II.In Japanese Fiscal
Year 1994(JFY-1994)starting from April 1,1994 through March 31,1995,JAERI operated JRR
-3M for 7 cycles(26 days/cycle x7cycle/year=182days/year;50% running efficiency) while
JRR-2 for 31cycles(50 hours/cycle x31 cycles/year=64.5days/year;17%).JAERI has planned
to shut down JRR-2 in a few years which has been running more than 30 years.
    In April of 1993,MONBUSHO established the Neutron Scattering Laboratory Affiliated
with ISSP,Tokyo University(ISSP-NSL)in order to operate the user's program for using a
full capability of these university-owned spectrometers(ISSP,TOHOKU and KUR).By taking
such an opportunity,westarted publishing Activity Report every year on neutron scatter
-ing research  carried out  on the university-owned spectrometers.  JAERI also started
publishing its Annual Report last year.These reports of reactor-based neutron scatter-
ing research activities are expected to offer complementary information to the previous
-ly published  "KENS REPORT"  of  accelerator- based pulse neutron scattering research
activities at KEK(National Laboratory for High Energy Physics,Tsukuba).

Users Program

  Those who plan their neutron scattering experiments on the universitiy-owned spectro
-meters should submit their proposals by November 30 every year. The proposals refreed
from  both  scientific and  technical points of view and  an accepted proposal becomes
active for one year in an academic/fiscal year starting from April 1 of  the following
calender year.  An urgent proposal  to pursue a hot topics  can be submitted any time.
Figure 1 shows a drastic increase in number of users and proposals after JRR-3M became
available.  Figure 2  represents  a percentage of  each field into  which totally  198
proposals submitted for JFY-1995 are classified. Before JRR-3M started, soft materials
science such as polymer and biology  was  a minor field  because no cold neutrons were
available.
figure.1figure.2

Committees

  In order to conduct the users program efficiently and fairly, ISSP-NSL has organized
the scattering Committee  consisting of 15 members  under which the Neutron Scattering
Program Advisory Committees(NSPAC)is formed mainly to review proposals. Current active 
members as of April 1,1995 are as follows:
Steering Committee Members
ENDOH,Yasuo(Tohoku Univ.)
FUJII,Yasuhiko(Tokyo Univ.):Chairman
GOU,Nobuhiro(Kyoto Univ.)
ISHIMOTO,Hidehiko(Tokyo Univ.)
ITO,Yasuo(Tokyo Univ.)
IKEDA,Hironobu(KEK)
KAKURAI,Kazuhisa(Tokyo Univ.)
MATSUSHITA,Yushu(Tokyo Univ.)
MORII,Yukio(JAERI)
NODA,Ichiro(Nagoya Univ.)
UEDA,Kazuo(Tokyo Univ.)
UTSURO,Yuhiko(Kyoto Univ.)
WAKABAYASHI,Nobuyoshi(Keio Univ.)
YAMAGUCHI,Yasuo(Tohoku Univ.)
YOSHIZAWA,Hideki(Tokyo Univ.)

Neutron Scattering Program Advisory Committee Members
AKIMITSU,Jun(Aoyamagakuin Univ.)
ASANO,Hajime(Tsukuba Univ.)
FUJII,Hironobu(Hiroshima Univ.)
FUJII,Yasuhiko(Tokyo Univ.)
HASHIMOTO,Takeharu(Kyoto Univ.)
IKEDA,Hironobu(KEK)
KAJI,Keisuke(Kyoto Univ.)
KATAOKA,Mikio(Osaka Univ.)
KOHGI,Masashi(Metropolitan Univ.)
MISAWA,Masakatsu(Niigata Univ.)
MORII,Yukio(JAERI)
MOTOKAWA,Mitsuhiro(Tokyo Univ.)
NODA,Yukio(Chiba Univ.)
OHSIMA,Kenichi(Tsukuba Univ.)
SATO,Masatoshi(Nagoya Univ.)
SHIBA,Hiroyuki(Tokyo Inst. Tech.)
WAKABAYASHI,Nobuyoshi(Keio Univ.)


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